A
balanced analysis and assessment of John McCain’s life diminishes his
reputation as a war hero and political independent of courage and
integrity. Much of his reputation
depends on a carefully crafted biographical narrative which discounts or
disregards details revealing a man troubled by ambiguous responses to
authority. An account of his life must address
his inability to resolve life-long tensions arising in his responses to his
family’s expectations that he would repeat his paternal grandfather’s and his
father’s success in their position and prestige as four-star admirals. For McCain rebelled against these
expectations but exploited the privileges accruing from his pedigree.
This
account explains his lack of success as a military officer and an elected
official—with no record of accomplishment in the Navy or Congress. He has never been a leader; instead, he has
been a hellraiser, a jet jockey, a POW, a “maverick,” and, more recently, a
frequent guest on television talk shows.
Even if McCain were the hero he is reputed to be, none of these roles is
a leadership role.
As
a child, McCain reacted to authority with temper tantrums; as a youth and as an
adult, he has reacted to authority, resistance, or frustration with anger,
rebellion, or passive aggression. At
prep school, he was known for his quick anger and fast fists. He complied with his father’s insistence on a
Navy career, graduated from the Naval Academy, and responded with off-beat
choices, disobedient behavior, and a mediocre overall record. He preferred literature and history to science
and mathematics but was a poor student who earned poor grades. He was a prankster, partier, and heavy
drinker who loved escapades and adventure, and received hundreds of demerits;
his moniker was “John Wayne McCain.” At
graduation, his class ranking put him near the bottom of his class, 894th
out of 899, to be precise.
As
befitted his tendency to thrill-seeking and risk-taking, McCain chose a career
as a jet pilot, but his performance as an aviator was as mediocre as it had
been as a student. Although some debate
the details of his flight record, no one questions that his five crashes
involved human error or mechanical failure—a number not approached by, because
not tolerated in, pilots without influential connections (his father crashed
five planes as well and also received a pass because of his father). Despite a problematic flight record, he
secured a prestigious position as a flight instructor, his only stateside
military assignment. Though disobedient
and reckless in the military, he accepted family influence to prevent his
grounding and keep him flying.
His
combat record in Vietnam was equally undistinguished. Shot down, McCain was captured; interrogated,
he disclosed classified information; later, tortured, he signed confessions;
later still, he was brutally tortured when he refused early release. However, his experience and his responses to
it were little different from those of many others of his rank, duty
assignment, and situation. Along with other
POWs in Hanoi Hilton, McCain resisted his captors as much as he could and
survived captivity and torture. Like
others who adhered to the rule that later prisoners forego release until
earlier prisoners had been released, McCain refused his captors’ offer of
out-of-turn release. However, he was
subjected to unusually severe punishment because his captors were angry at his
refusal because they wanted to exploit his identity for propaganda purposes: a
soldier accepting favorable treatment because of his family connections. For the first and perhaps only time, McCain
was punished for them. He had no choice;
if he had accepted this offer, he would have broken the rule, betrayed his fellow
POWs, and accepted a favor reflecting his father’s rank as admiral—not what most
people would do. Still, McCain behaved
honorably, but his fellow prisoners behaved similarly and equally honorably.
Some
claim that McCain was too easily compliant with his captors because, within
days of capture and under the duress only of his injuries, he provided
operational intelligence in return for medical attention. (Oddly, though he knows that he later made
false confessions under torture, he supported torture by the CIA.) These rumors about “Songbird” McCain seem
unduly harsh, but they linger, neither refuted nor confirmed, because, rather
suspiciously, McCain, as a Senator, has ensured that the Department of Defense
permanently sealed his military record.
Although
McCain’s prison experience was little different from that of other POWs, some
of whom spent more years in prison, his reception upon release and return to
America was different from theirs. He
was no more or less a hero than many others, yet, as the grandson and son of
four-star admirals, McCain alone received a hero’s welcome and has accepted
without reservation or modesty the acclaim and adulation of a hero.
However,
the Navy did not offer him a path to higher rank. Given his poor academic performance at the
Naval Academy, his mediocre performance as an aviator, and his years in
captivity, he lost has chance to attain to flag rank as an admiral. After some liaison work to Congress, McCain retired
as a captain from the Navy to pursue a political career in Arizona. Having found his wife, a former beauty, much
changed by injury, he began an adulterous relationship with another, much
younger beauty, divorced his wife, married his lover, and entered into a rich,
powerful Arizona family. He accepted their
and their friends’ support in winning elective office. With this support and his reputation as a war
hero, he won office, first as a representative, then as a senator.
Although
he exploited his imprisonment to give him an attractive story of personal
heroism, his military experience was narrow in range and gave him little
knowledge of, and insight into, the military and foreign affairs which he
tacitly claims for himself or which others casually impute to him. Moreover, the torments of long confinement
appear to have distorted his judgment and disturbed his stability.
Since
the beginning of his political career, McCain has associated with corporate
moguls or lobbyists; his part in the “Keating Five” revealed, not an
aberration, but an affinity. Insulated
and isolated by this small circle of support, McCain developed few links to
Arizona citizens or politicians and had little experience with the
give-and-take of negotiations. He has
worked well with members of both parties when they agree with him on issues and
legislation, but not when they do not. He
bears grudges. His temper is famous
inside Washington—Congressional peers and staff privately refer to him as
“Senator McNasty”—and so worrying that, long before his presidential campaign,
even fellow Republican Senators like Pete Domenici expressed fears about its
dangers if empowered by executive position.
McCain
is an intelligent, but an intellectually lazy, man, who maintains an abiding
ignorance unremedied by study. Despite
his long years of imprisonment and his many years in Congress on important
foreign affairs committees, McCain has made little effort to educate himself on
important issues. In discussing matters
of foreign policy, he makes frequent mistakes of fact. Despite his many votes on budgets, regulations,
and financial policies, McCain admits knowing little about economics. He remains unable to operate a computer and
to access the Internet, and thus shows that he does not understand many modern
technologies which influence government, military, business, and educational
activities. He seems to be a man whose
blank mind endorses blank checks.
Although McCain made a
reputation for himself as a straight-talker, his recent record is one of
retreat on issues, reversal of positions, and revision of past views. His changes of position have been attempts to
curry favor with the conservative Republicans who dominate Arizona politics out
of fear of defeat from rivals farther to the right on many issues. He has altered positions on tax cuts, energy
policy, environmental protection, affirmative action, immigration, free trade,
and the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan.
These dramatic changes in position in the face of challenge do not
suggest the courage of convictions which his claim to resisting as best he
could his Vietnamese captors suggests.
The
sum of his character is a man whose feelings guide his thinking, not vice
versa. Evident since he lost his bid for
the presidency in 2008, McCain has shown bitterness in defeat. Invited by Obama to work with him after the
election, McCain has spurned such overtures, smeared Obama, and obstructed many
of Obama’s legislative proposals and appointments. This behavior does not suggest a man focusing
his energies on serving his country more than settling the scores of a sore
loser.
McCain
is a tragic tale of a person raised to meet expectations beyond his ability and
to have aspirations beyond his reach. Parental
pressures inculcated resentment of, anger at, and rebellion against,
authority. Defeated ambitions for success
on his terms intensified these feelings and increased his attacks on
others. As a result, the president and
his peers care less and less about him or his views, and his frequent
expressions of vitriol tarnish his integrity and diminish his respect. Sooner or later, McCain will realize that he
betrayed what was best in him and what he professed to serve.
